Paycheck Calculator

Estimate your take-home pay from gross salary. See how much of your paycheck goes to taxes, retirement, and other deductions. Plan your budget based on what you actually receive.

Understanding Your Paycheck

Your take-home pay is significantly less than your gross salary due to taxes, retirement contributions, and other deductions. Understanding where your money goes helps you budget effectively and make informed decisions about benefits enrollment.

Common Paycheck Deductions

Deduction TypeTypical RatePre-Tax?Notes
Federal Income Tax10-37%N/ABased on W-4 and brackets
State Income Tax0-13.3%N/ANo tax in TX, FL, WA, etc.
Social Security (FICA)6.2%N/AUp to $168,600 (2024)
Medicare (FICA)1.45%N/ANo income cap
401(k) Contribution3-15%YesMax $23,000 (2024)
Health Insurance$100-500/moYesVaries by plan

Federal Tax Brackets (2024)

Federal income tax uses marginal rates—you only pay the higher rate on income above each threshold:

  • 10%: $0 - $11,600
  • 12%: $11,601 - $47,150
  • 22%: $47,151 - $100,525
  • 24%: $100,526 - $191,950
  • 32%: $191,951 - $243,725
  • 35%: $243,726 - $609,350
  • 37%: $609,351+

Example Paycheck Breakdown

For a $5,000 monthly gross pay with 6% 401(k) contribution:

  • Gross Pay: $5,000
  • 401(k) (6%): -$300
  • Taxable Income: $4,700
  • Federal Tax (~22%): -$1,034
  • State Tax (~5%): -$235
  • FICA (7.65%): -$383
  • Net Pay: ~$3,048

Frequently Asked Questions

How much of my paycheck goes to taxes?

Typically 25-35% of gross pay goes to combined federal, state, and FICA taxes. Pre-tax deductions like 401(k) and health insurance reduce your taxable income, slightly lowering the percentage.

Why is my first paycheck smaller than expected?

First paychecks often include one-time deductions: uniform costs, initial benefit enrollment fees, pro-rated pay if you started mid-period, and withholding calculated for full-year income estimates.

How can I increase my take-home pay?

Adjust your W-4 withholding if you're getting large tax refunds. Maximize pre-tax deductions (401k, HSA) which reduce taxable income. Some people move to states with no income tax (TX, FL, WA, NV, TN, WY, SD, AK).